汽車是現在生活中的主要交通工具，其中汽車啟動都需要電機啟動，其中主要使用過的蓄電池提供電力，鉛酸蓄電池是由正負極板、隔板、殼體、電解液和接線樁頭等組成，其放電的化學反應是依靠正極板活性物質和負極板活性物質在電解液（稀硫酸溶液）的作用下進行的，其中極板的柵架是用鉛銻合金制造。下文長沙租車公司就為大家(jia)具體介紹一下(xia)。
鉛(qian)酸蓄電池(chi)，不(bu)僅直接影(ying)響(xiang)蓄電池(chi)的質量(liang)和壽命(ming)，還(huan)影(ying)響(xiang)起動(dong)設(she)備安全用(yong)電和工作任務的完(wan)成。因(yin)此(ci)，蓄電池(chi)的維護、保管是(shi)蓄電池(chi)使用(yong)及銷(xiao)售人員的一項(xiang)重要工作。
鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)分日(ri)常(chang)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和定(ding)期(qi)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。日(ri)常(chang)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是指平時日(ri)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中的維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，這是蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的最基本而有(you)效的一項工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。定(ding)期(qi)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是針對蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的不同情況，在充電(dian)站進行(xing)一定(ding)項目的維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，只有(you)在日(ri)常(chang)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)做(zuo)好的基礎上，結合定(ding)期(qi)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，才(cai)能把(ba)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)做(zuo)好。
⑴日常維護
①經常保持蓄電池表(biao)面(mian)的(de)清潔。發(fa)現表(biao)面(mian)有灰(hui)塵和硫(liu)酸時，應及時檫(cha)拭(shi)，檫(cha)拭(shi)時可(ke)先(xian)用沾有蘇打水的(de)檫(cha)布檫(cha)拭(shi)一遍，后用清水沖洗干凈(jing)；
②按照規定(ding)進(jin)行蓄電(dian)(dian)池的充電(dian)(dian)、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)和補(bu)充電(dian)(dian)工(gong)作
③充放電(dian)過程中，應開動(dong)通風(feng)裝置排除酸霧，使室內空氣較為新鮮，以減(jian)少(shao)酸性分(fen)子(zi)對(dui)人員(yuan)和(he)設(she)備的侵蝕。
④蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)間應(ying)經常保(bao)持清(qing)潔、干燥、空氣流通、光線(xian)充(chong)(chong)足。應(ying)用濕(shi)拖把檫凈地面，在清(qing)潔、絕(jue)緣較(jiao)好的情況下，可以(yi)在地面灑(sa)水(shui)，保(bao)持室內的濕(shi)度，以(yi)減少電(dian)(dian)池中水(shui)分的蒸發；
⑵定期維(wei)護
①根據氣(qi)候季節的變化，按說明書(shu)的要求，調整電解液(ye)密度（也稱換季）；
②及時檢(jian)查和排(pai)除蓄電(dian)池的(de)故障(zhang)；
③電(dian)(dian)池失水時應及(ji)時補充純(chun)水，防(fang)止極板露(lu)出液面(mian)而氧(yang)化和降低利用率。切(qie)勿補充電(dian)(dian)解液；電(dian)(dian)池在使用過程中應調整好充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)器的電(dian)(dian)壓（13.8-14.4V）防(fang)止過充電(dian)(dian)。
④對蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)測量用的儀(yi)(yi)表（如密(mi)度(du)計(ji)、溫度(du)計(ji)、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表、電(dian)(dian)流表）進(jin)行檢(jian)查和(he)校驗，以免由于儀(yi)(yi)表不準(zhun)確(que)導致蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)維護工(gong)作的質量受(shou)到影(ying)響(xiang)；
免維護蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)用鉛(qian)鈣合金制造，由于蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)采用了(le)鉛(qian)鈣合金做柵(zha)架(jia)，所以(yi)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)產生的水分(fen)解量(liang)少(shao)(shao)，水分(fen)蒸發量(liang)也低，加(jia)上外殼采用密封結構，釋放出(chu)來的硫酸氣體也很(hen)少(shao)(shao)，所以(yi)它與傳統(tong)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)相比，具有不需添加(jia)任何液體，對接(jie)線樁(zhuang)頭、電(dian)線和車(che)身腐蝕少(shao)(shao)，抗過充(chong)電(dian)能力(li)強(qiang)，啟動電(dian)流大，電(dian)量(liang)儲存時(shi)間(jian)長等優點(dian)，近些年在(zai)國(guo)內很(hen)受(shou)青睞。
我們通常所說的“免維護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)”，并(bing)非(fei)真正(zheng)的“免維護(hu)”，而(er)是說這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在通常狀況下不需(xu)要拿出來(lai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。有些轎(jiao)車上的免維護(hu)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)還裝(zhuang)有溫(wen)度補償(chang)型比(bi)重計，可以指(zhi)示(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的存(cun)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)液(ye)位的高度。當(dang)比(bi)重計的指(zhi)示(shi)眼呈(cheng)綠色(se)(se)時，表明充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已足，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)正(zheng)常；當(dang)指(zhi)示(shi)眼綠點很少(shao)或(huo)為黑色(se)(se)，表明堿性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)需(xu)要充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；當(dang)指(zhi)示(shi)眼顯(xian)示(shi)淡(dan)黃色(se)(se)，表明蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部有故(gu)障，就(jiu)需(xu)要修理(li)或(huo)進(jin)行更換。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)出現(xian)下列情況之一時應進(jin)行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)比(bi)重降(jiang)至1.2以下；冬(dong)季放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)超(chao)過(guo)25%；夏季放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)超(chao)過(guo)50%；燈光(guang)暗淡(dan)；啟動無力。
無論哪種蓄電(dian)池，長久不用它都會慢(man)慢(man)自行(xing)放電(dian)，直至報廢。因此，每隔(ge)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)時(shi)間就(jiu)應啟動一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)汽車，給蓄電(dian)池充電(dian)。另一(yi)(yi)個辦法(fa)就(jiu)是(shi)將蓄電(dian)池上的(de)(de)兩個電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)拔(ba)下(xia)來，需注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi)從電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)柱上拔(ba)下(xia)正(zheng)、負(fu)兩根電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線，要先(xian)拔(ba)下(xia)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線，或(huo)卸下(xia)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)汽車底盤的(de)(de)連接。然后(hou)再拔(ba)去帶(dai)有(you)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)標志(zhi)（＋）的(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)端，蓄電(dian)池有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)使用壽(shou)命，到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)時(shi)期就(jiu)要更換。在(zai)更換時(shi)同樣要遵循上述(shu)次(ci)(ci)序，不過(guo)在(zai)把電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線接上去時(shi)，次(ci)(ci)序則(ze)恰(qia)恰(qia)相(xiang)反，先(xian)接正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，然后(hou)再接負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
上述內容就是本期長沙租車公(gong)司(si)客服人員為大家帶來的(de)有(you)關內(nei)(nei)容更(geng)(geng)新，通過(guo)上文的(de)介紹，對于行(xing)業(ye)(ye)產品一定有(you)了更(geng)(geng)多更(geng)(geng)深刻(ke)的(de)了解(jie)，后續(xu)將繼續(xu)為大家帶來更(geng)(geng)豐富得行(xing)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)容知識介紹，也可通過(guo)網站聯系我(wo)公(gong)司(si)，我(wo)們將為您提(ti)供優質滿意的(de)服務。